M42
Grade Introduction:
Molybdenum high-speed steels and tungsten high-speed steels are two types of high-speed tool steels. Molybdenum high-speed steels, also known as group M steels, comprise less initial cost. Molybdenum steel types M1 to M10 have tungsten whereas cobalt is not found in type M6. Cobalt is totally absent in these types of molybdenum high-speed steels.
M42 tool steel, a type of molybdenum high-speed tool steel, has good wear resistance and hot hardness along with high hardness values.
Grade Application
M42 tool steel is mostly used for machine materials and superalloys that are difficult to machine. The machine materials include chasers, broaches, form and gear cutters, hobs, drills, milling cutters, end mills, and taps.
Equivalent Grades
| Country | USA | German | Japan |
| Standard | ASTM A600 | DIN EN ISO 4957 | JIS G4403 |
| Grades | M42 | 1.3247/HS2-9-1-8 | SKH59 |
Addition to other grades
MS, EN1A, EN3B, EN8, EN8D, EN9, EN19, EN24, EN31, EN32B, EN36C, EN41B, EN43B, EN47, EN353, IS2062, 42Crmo4, HCHCR, D2, D3, H-11, H-13, CW-1, OHNS, M2, M35, M42, DIN1.2714, P20, P20+S, P20+Ni, SCM420, ASTMSA-36, ASTMSA-105, SAE1018, SAE4140, SAE8620, 16MNCR5, 20MNCR5, C20, C45, C50, C60, CK45, 20C8, 40C8, 45C8, 55C8, C55MN75, SAE52100, S40C, S355J2G3.
Our Supply Range
We supply to automotive ancillaries and OEM customers. The products we manufacture are used as input for manufacturing of automotive and general engineering components. These components are further assembled into systems fitted in automobiles and other engineering applications.
| Product Type | Size Range |
|---|---|
| Forged Round Bars | 140mm Dia to 850mm |
| Rolled Round Bars | 16mm Dia and above |
| Forged Flat Bars | Thickness: 32mm to 510mm, Width: 65mm to 1050mm |
| Rolled Flat Bars | Thickness: 6mm to 110mm, Width: 25mm to 510mm |
Chemical Composition
The following table shows the chemical composition of M42 steel:
| Element | C | Mn | Si | Cr | Ni | Mo | W | V | Co | Cu | P | S |
| Content(%) | 1.05-1.15 | 0.15-0.40 | 0.15-0.65 | 3.50-4.25 | 0.3 | 9.00-10.00 | 1.15-1.85 | 0.95-1.35 | 7.75-8.75 | 0.25 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of M42 molybdenum high-speed tool steel are displayed in the following table.
| Mechanical Properties | Metric | Imperial |
| Hardness, Rockwell C (oil quenched from 1204°C, 5 minutes) | 64.3 | 64.3 |
| Hardness, Rockwell C (oil quenched from 1177°C, 5 minutes) | 65.5 | 65.5 |
| Hardness, Rockwell C(oil quenched from 1163°C) | 65.8 | 65.8 |
| Izod impact unnotched (oil quenched at 1191°C; 510°C temper temperature) | 13.6 J | 10.0 ft- lb |
| Izod impact unnotched (oil quenched at 1191°C; 622°C temper temperature) | 24.4 J | 24.4 J |
| Machinability (1% carbon steel) | 35.0 – 40.0% | 35.0 – 40.0% |
| Poisson’s ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
| Elastic modulus | 190-210 GPa | 27557-30457 ksi |
Heat Treatment
Heat treatment temperatures, including the rate of heating, cooling, and soaking times will vary due to factors such as the shape and size of each M42 steel component. Other considerations during the heat treatment process include the type of furnace, quenching medium, and workpiece transfer facilities. Please consult your heat treatment provider for full guidance on heat treatment of high-speed steels.
Hardness
65.8
Hardening
For best results harden the M42 in a vacuum or controlled furnace, or in a properly rectified salt bath. Preheat the steel thoroughly to 820-870°C then transfer to the high-temperature salt bath or furnace. The exact hardening temperature to use for M42 will depend on the type of work being treated, but in general, components should be hardened from the range of 1160-1180°C in salt or 1180-1190°C in the atmosphere or vacuum furnaces. After a short hold at the hardening temperature, quench the component without further soaking into salt at 540-595°C or warm oil. If salt quenched allow the component to equalize at the bath temperature and then complete the quench in still air.
Thermal Properties
| Properties | Unit | TEMPERATURE °C / °F | – | – |
| 20 / 70 | 400 / 750 | 600 / 1110 | – | – |
| DENSITY | Kg/m³ lbs/in³ | 8.03 .290 | 7.93 .286 | 7.87 .284 |
| MODULUS OF ELASTICITY | kN/mm³² psi | 225 33 ·106 | 200 29·106 | 180 26·106 |
| COEFFICIENT OF THERMAL EXPANSION FROM 20°C / 70°F | per °C per °F | — | 11.5 · 10-6 6.4 · 10-6 | 11.8 · 10-6 6.6 · 10-6 |
| THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY | W/m °C Btu/sq. ft. h °F/in. | 24 166 | 28 194 | 27 187 |
| SPECIFIC HEAT | J/kg°C Btu/lb°F | 420 0.10 | 510 0.12 | 600 0.14 |
Forging Properties
Preheat the M42 high-speed steel slowly and uniformly to 650-760°C and equalize. Then increase more quickly to the forging temperature of 1010-1150°C and equalize prior to forging. Do not allow the forging temperature to drop below 980°C, if this occurs reheating will be necessary. Always cool the high-speed steel very slowly after forging.
Physical Properties
The table below shows the physical properties of M42 molybdenum high-speed tool steel.
| Physical Properties | Metric | Imperial |
| Density | 7.81 g/cm3 | 0.282 lb/in3 |
Tempering
M42 tool steel components can be tempered between 510-595°C. Components require a minimum tempering temperature of 540°C and it is recommended to provide suitable relief to the hardening stresses. Triple tempering is recommended with a minimum of two hours at temperature per cycle. The component should be cooled in still air to room temperature between tempering treatments.
| Temperature [°C] | 500 | 550 | 600 |
| Hardness [HRc] | 67 | 69 | 63 |
Normalizing
Do Not Normalize.
Annealing
Annealing of M42 is recommended after hot working and before re-hardening. Heat the M42 high-speed steel to 850°C at a rate of no more than 220°C per hour. Always hold at temperature for one hour per 25mm of a thickness (with two hours being minimum). The furnace cools slowly. The M42 annealed hardness achieved should be 269 Brinell or lower.
Density
| Physical Properties | Metric | Imperial |
| Density | 7.81 g/cm3 | 0.282 lb/in3 |
Stress Relieving
If tools produced from M42 high-speed steel are heavily machined or ground it is recommended to stress relief after machining and prior to hardening to minimize the possibility of distortion. To stress relieve heat the component to 600-650°C and soak well (approximately two hours) Cool slowly in the furnace. The M42 tools can be finish machined before heat treatment.
Machinability
M42 tool steel can be drilled, turned, threaded, broached, milled, and tapped when it is in its annealed condition and rated at 45% of 1% carbon steel.
Welding
- Weld preheat / post-heat and interpass temp 950 – 1050 F
- Welding doesn’t exceed 1000 (537C) Interpass temp.
- Welding small repairs preheat to 300F (150C)
- Welding type M1 filler for “edge cutting tools HRC 60
- Welding type M36 filler provides both hardness and toughness.
- Weld post-heat at draw tempering temp
- After weld cool to 400F (200C) then temper 1000F per hr/inch
- If hard surface not required consider E312 – E9018 or E11018
- Use lowest amps, short arc length short bead, air cool
Supply Cities
Ambattur, Bangalore, Chennai, Coimbatore, Dindigul, Guindy, Madurai, Nellore, Hyderabad, Tirupur, Tuticorin, Madurai, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Puducherry, Kerala, Kanyakumari, Telangana, Salem, Thanjavur, Trichy, Erode, Vellore, Karur, Nagercoil, Kanchipuram, Karaikudi, Pudukottai, Nagapattinam.
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