45C8
Grade Introduction:
45C8 Carbon steels have carbon as the key alloying element in their composition. They also contain up to 0.4% silicon and 1.2% manganese. In addition, residual elements such as copper, molybdenum, aluminum, chromium, and nickel are present in these steels.
Grade Application
45C8 steel grade round bar, steel plate, flat and square is used for axles, bolts, forged connecting rods, crankshafts, torsion bars, light gears, guide rods, screws, forgings, wheel tyres, shafts, sickles, axes, knives, woodworking drills, hammers, etc.
Equivalent Grades
| EN8 | 080A40 | CK45 | 45C8 | EN8 | 1040,1045 |
| EN8A | 080A40 | CK45 | 45C8 | EN8A | 1040, 1045 |
| EN8B | 080A40 | CK45 | 45C8 | 45C8 | 1040, 1045 |
| EN8C | 080A40 | CK45 | 45C8 | EN8C | 1040,1045 |
| EN8D | 080A40 | CK45 | 45C8 | EN8D | 1040, 1045 |
Addition to other grades
MS, EN1A, EN3B, EN8, EN8D, EN9, EN19, EN24, EN31, EN32B, EN36C, EN41B, EN43B, EN47, EN353, IS2062, 42Crmo4, HCHCR, D2, D3, H-11, H-13, CW-1, OHNS, M2, M35, M42, DIN1.2714, P20, P20+S, P20+Ni, SCM420, ASTMSA-36, ASTMSA-105, SAE1018, SAE4140, SAE8620, 16MNCR5, 20MNCR5, C20, C45, C50, C60, CK45, 20C8, 40C8, 45C8, 55C8, C55MN75, SAE52100, S40C, S355J2G3.
Our Supply Range
We supply to automotive ancillaries and OEM customers. The products we manufacture are used as input for manufacturing of automotive and general engineering components. These components are further assembled into systems fitted in automobiles and other engineering applications.
| Product Type | Size Range |
|---|---|
| Forged Round Bars | 140mm Dia to 850mm |
| Rolled Round Bars | 16mm Dia and above |
| Forged Flat Bars | Thickness: 32mm to 510mm, Width: 65mm to 1050mm |
| Rolled Flat Bars | Thickness: 6mm to 110mm, Width: 25mm to 510mm |
Chemical Composition
The following table shows the chemical composition of 45C8 steel:
| Element | C | Mn | Si | S | P |
| Content (%) | 0.43 | 0.74 | 0.22 | 0.023 | 0.030 |
Hardness
197
Heat Treatment
Heat treatment temperatures, including the rate of heating, cooling, and soaking times will vary due to factors such as the shape and size of each steel component. Other considerations during the heat treatment process include the type of furnace, quenching medium, and workpiece transfer facilities.
Tempering
550 – 660°C/air
Physical Properties
| PROPERTIES | METRIC | IMPERIAL |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.85 g/cm3 | 0.284 lb/in³ |
Thermal Properties
| PROPERTIES | METRIC | IMPERIAL |
|---|---|---|
| Thermal expansion co-efficient | 11 µm/m°C | 6.11 µin/in°F |
| Thermal conductivity | 49.8 W/mK | 346 BTU in/hr.ft².°F |
Forging Properties
1100 – 850°C/air
Normalizing
840 – 880°C
Machinability
60 – 28
Mechanical Properties
| PROPERTIES | METRIC | IMPERIAL |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile strength Ultimate | 660 MPa | 95700 psi |
| Tensile strength Yield | 560 MPa | 81200 psi |
| Bulk modulus (typical for steels) | 140 GPa | 20300 ksi |
| Shear modulus (typical for steels) | 80 GPa | 11600 ksi |
| Elastic modulus | 190 – 210 GPa | 19700- 30458 ksi |
| Poisson’s ratio | 0.27 -0.30 | 0.27 – 0.30 |
| Elongation at break (in 50 mm) | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Reduction of area | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Hardness, Brinell | 197 | 197 |
| Hardness, Knoop (converted from Brinell hardness) | 219 | 219 |
| Hardness, Rockwell B (converted from Brinell hardness) | 92 | 92 |
| Hardness, Rockwell C (converted from Brinell hardness. Value below normal HRC range, for comparison purposes only) | 13 | 13 |
| Hardness, Vickers (converted from Brinell hardness) | 207 | 207 |
| Machinability (based on AISI 1212 steel. as 100 machinabilities) | 55 | 55 |
Hardening
820 – 860°C/Water, Oil
Annealing
680 – 710°C/furnace
Welding
When welding is completed allow components to cool to 180°C before tempering
- Heat to 620 – 650°C at a maximum heating rate of 100°C/hr or 6000/thickness (mm) °C/hr, whichever is smaller. Temper for 2 hours. Cool to 200°C at a controlled cooling rate of 100°C/hr maximum. Cool to room temperature in still air. In very highly restrained conditions, it may be necessary to consider an intermediate, lower temperature stress relief treatment.
- Boost the preheat to 250°C and hold for 4 hours minimum.
- If it is not convenient to hold the component at an intermediate temperature after welding, pending heating for tempering, the following alternative procedures (below) could be applied. However, if restraint is very high this alternative procedure may not prevent the occurrence of hydrogen-induced cracking.
Alternative procedure:
- Cool to room temperature at a maximum rate of 50°C/hr.
- Temper when convenient.
Supply Cities
Ambattur, Bangalore, Chennai, Coimbatore, Dindigul, Guindy, Madurai, Nellore, Hyderabad, Tirupur, Tuticorin, Madurai, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Puducherry, Kerala, Kanyakumari, Telangana, Salem, Thanjavur, Trichy, Erode, Vellore, Karur, Nagercoil, Kanchipuram, Karaikudi, Pudukottai, Nagapattinam.
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